This chapter correspond to Bd.P. 2.3.74. Reference are to verse numbers.
Sūta said:
1. Vahni was the son of Turvasu. Gobhānu was the son of Vahni 3. The unconquered heroic Trisānu was Gobhānu’s son.
3. Genealogy of Turvasu as recorded in AITH, p. 149 shows Garbha as the predecessor of Gobhānu.
2. Karandhama was the son of Trisănu and his son Marutta. Another Marutta mentioned before was the son AviksHit. He was also a king.
3. Marutta was childless. I have heard that he too king. All the people made Duşhkruta 1 a descendant of Puru his son.
1. Dushyanta in Bd. P.v. 3.
4. Thus, due to the curse of Yayati in connection with the transference of his old age the line of Turvasu merged with that of Pūru.
5. The successor of Duşhkruta was the king named Sharūtha. After Šharūtha came Janapīda and he had four sons.
6. They were Pandya, Kerala, Chola and Kulya with their kingdoms named after them, viz. Pāndya, Kerala, Cola and Kulya.
7. Druhyu had two heroic sons well known as Babhru and Setu. Aruddha was the son of Setu and Ripu was the son of Babhru.
8. This strong (king) Ripu was killed in war with very great difficulty by Yauvanāśhva. Their great war lasted continuously for fourteen months.
9. Aruddha’s successor was the king named Gāndhāra after whom the great land of Gandhāra took its name. 2
2. This shows that Druhyu’s descendants ruled over a part of Afghanistan.
10. The horses bred in Gāndhāra land are the most excellent horses, Gandhara’s son was Dharma and Ghruta (Dhruta) was his son.
11. Durdama was born to Ghruta (Dhruta) and his son was Prachetas. A hundred sons were born to Prachetas. All of them were kings.
12. All of them were the rulers of the Mleccha territory in the northern direction (region). Anu had three noble-souled sons. All of them were highly righteous.
13. They were Sabhānara, Paksha and Parapakşha. The son of Sabhänara was the scholarly king Kälānala.
14. Kālānala’s son was the pious-souled Srunjaya who was righteous. The heroic king Puranjaya was the son of Sruñjaya.
15. Janamejaya of great strength and vitality was the son of the saintly king Purañjaya.
16. This king was equal to Indra. His fame was established (even in heaven. Mahāmanas was the son of Mahaśhāla. He was very pious.
17. He was the lord of the seven continents. He was an emperor of great fame. Mahāmanas procreated two famous sons.
18. They were Uśhīnara the knower of Dharma and Titikşhu the righteous. Ušhīnara had five wives. They were born of the races of saintly kings.
19. They were Mrugå (Nrugå in Bd. P.), Krumi, Navā, Darvā and Druşhadvatī the fifth. Uśhirara had five sons from them. They made his race flourish. They were virtuous and grew old with the performance of great penance.
20. Mruga (Nruga in Bd. P.) was the son of Mrugă (Nrugā), Nava was the son of Navā. Krumi was the son of Krumi and Suvrata, the virtuous, was the son of Darva.
21-22. O Brāhmaṇas, the son of Drushadvati was (popularly called) Aushinara Shivi. The city of Shivi was famous as Shivapura 1 and that of Mruga was the Yaudheya city. Navarāșhțram belonged to Nava and the city Krumilā to Krumi. That of Suvråta was Vrushtā (Ambașhtha). Now listen and understand Shivi’s sons.
1. These places are located as follows:
(I) Shivapura-The country of Siaposh. It includes Kafiristan (DE. 211).
(II) Yaudheya-The country between the Hydaspes and the Indus (DE 215)
(III) Navarăshtra-Nausari in Baroach Dist. of Gujarat (DE 139).
(IV) Krumila—untraced.
23. The four sons of Shivi called Shivis were very popular among the people. They were Vruşhadarbha, Suvira, Kekaya and Madraka.
24. Their territories were very flourishing. They were Vruşhadarbhas, Sūchīdarbhas, Kekayas and Madrakas. Now listen to the progeny of Titikšhu.
25. The mighty-armed son of Titikşhu named Ushadratha was the well-known king in the eastern quarter. His son was Hema.
26-32. Sutapa was born to Hema and Bali was the son of Sutapas* (Bd. P.). The noble-minded Bali who was a great Yogin was bound (by Vamana). He took birth in the human womb, being desirous of children, as the family was nearing extinction due to absence of issues. He begot sons who established the discriplines of four castes on this earth. He procreated the sons Anga, Vanga, Sulha, Puņdra and Kalinga. These are called Bāleya Kșhatras (the Kshatriyas born of Bali). That lord had Brāhmaṇa sons also called Bāleya Brāhmanas. They established the line (of Bali). Many boons were granted to the intelligent Bali by the delighted Brahmā. The boons granted were Mahāyogitva (the state of being a great Yogin), longevity of life lasting for a Kalpa, invincibility in war, great inclination towards righteousness and piety, the vision of the three worlds, importance among his descendants, unrivalled state in strength as the ability to see the true principles of Dharma. “You will establish the (discipline of) four castes”-on being thus told by the lord, king Bali attained great peace (of mind).
*Sutayasha in the text is obscure. Hence the form Sutapas is accepted.
33-34. After a long period, the scholarly Bali went back to his own abode. The territories of the sons were Angas, Vangas, Sulhakas (Suhma), Pundras and Kalingas. They were very flourishing territories.
Listen to and understand their race. These sons were his Kșhetrajas (born of his wife) through the contact of a sage. They were born of (sage) Dirghatamas of great virility in Sudeşhnă (the wife of Bali).
The Sages said:
35. O holy lord, how were these five Kshetraja sons of Bali procreated by the sage Dirghatamas? Please narrate this to us who ask.
Sūta said:
36. Formerly there was an intelligent and renowned sage named Ashija. The wife of this noble-souled sage was named Mamata.
37. Bruhaspati who was the younger brother of Ashija, whose splendour was great and who was the preceptor of the heaven-dwellers (gods) coveted Mamata.
38-40. Not desirous of having sexual intercourse with him, Mamatā spoke thus to Bruhaspati: “I am pregnant due to my contact with your elder brother. This is the eighth (month). O Bruhaspati, this great child in the womb cries much. The son of Ashija that he is, he has learned the Vedas with their six ancillaries and he repeats the Vedic Mantras.
Your semen virile too is never-failing. It does not behove you to have sexual intercourse with me. O holy lord, when the period (of gestation) lapses (you may do) as you deem fit”.
41. Though emphatically told thus by her, the noble souled Bruhaspati of excessive refulgence did not restrain himself, as he was overwhelmed by passion.
42. The virtuous-souled Bruhaspati did have his sexual intercourse with her. Even as he was discharging the semen virile, the child in the womb spoke thus:
43. “No Snātaka (a Brāhmaṇa who just had his sacred ablution after completing his Vedic study) shall deposit his (semen virile) here. There is no space here for two. You too are one with never failing semen virile. I have come here first.”
44. Bruhaspati, the sage of divine attributes, became infuriated on being told thus. He cursed the son of Ashija, his brother, who was yet in the womb:
45. “You have spoken thus to me on an occasion coveted by all living beings. Since you have spoken thus out of delusion, you will enter a long period of darkness”.
46-47. Due to that curse, the sage thereafter came to be called Dirghatamas.
Ashija (son of Ashija-Dīrghatamas) too was highly renowned by virtue of his power (of penance) like Bruhaspati. He too stayed in the hermitage of his brother observing celibacy. He heard of Godharma (the law of cattle-behaving like a bull or cow) from the bull, the son of Surabhi (Kāmadhenu).
48. Ashija’s brother, his uncle, had built a house for him While he was staying there, a bull came there casually.
49. Surrounded by cows he grazed the Darbha grass that had been brought for the Darsha 1 rituals. Dirghatamas caught hold of the quivering bull by its horns.
1. The sacrificial rite to be performed on the New Moon Day.
50. Caught by him, the bull could not move even a step. Then the bull spoke to him: “O foremost one among the strong persons, leave me off.
51. O dear one, a strong one like you has not been met with by me anywhere, even though I had been bearing the three-eyed lord (everywhere), as a result of which I have come down to the earth.
52. O most excellent one among strong persons, leave me off. I am pleased with you. Choose a boon”. On being told thus, the sage told the bull: “Where will you go alive, away from me?
53. Hence I will not release you, the quadruped that eats others’ wealth”. Then that bull replied to Dirghalamas:
54. “O dear one, to us nothing is sinful. There is no theft. We do not distinguish between what should be eaten or what should not be eaten or what should be drunk or should not be drunk.
55. We do not know what should be done or what should not be done, what should be approached or what should not be approached. O Brahmana, we are not sinners. This is remembered as the Dharma of cows and bulls”. 2
2. This practice of open and unconcealed sexual intercourse is mentioned in the M.Bh. (MW 365A) and seems to have been followed by Dirghatamas. The Buddha mentions this Dharma in derision.
56. On hearing the name of cows mentioned, he became confused and released him. Thanks to his devotion to the cows as ordained by the Vedas, he propitiated the bull.
57. When the bull went away, fully propitiated, he began to deliberate on the Dharma of cows devoutly. He was fully engrossed in it and devoted to it pondering mentally over it again and again.
58. As ill luck would have it, he became foolish and silly- minded and molested the wife of his younger brother Autathya, even though she struggled and wept.
59. Considering it to be his arrogance, Sharadván did not brook it. Using force and following Godharma (the practice of cattle), he had approached his daughter-in-law (the wife of younger brother).
60. On seeing this trespass, Sharadvān reflected. The noblesouled (Sharadvän) know what was destined to happen. So he did not confer death on him (Dīrghatamas).
61. With eyes turned red due to anger, he shouted to Dirghatamas: “You do not distinguish between whom to approach and whom not to. Following Godharma you have solicited your daughter-in-law.
62. You are a man of despicable conduct. I am casting you off. Go away along with your evil action. In spite of being blind, old and dependent on others for maintenance you have committed a deplorable, sinful action. Therefore, you are forsaken. I am convinced that you are a person of evil conduct”.
Sūta said:
63. Thereafter he thought of a ruthless action. After rebuking Dirghatamas many times, he caught hold of him by his arms, put him in a sealed casket and hurled it into the waters of Ganga.
64. For seven days the sealed casket was wafted by the current. King Bali, the knower of the principles of Dharma, who was in the company of his wife, saw the sinking casket borne towards him by the current.
65. Bali, the righteous-souled son of Virochana, saved him and took him to his harem where he propitiated him with different kinds of food and drinks, and looked after him.
66. The delighted sage asked Bali to choose a boon according to his desire. The leading Dänava chose the boon for (blessing him with) a son.
67. Bali said: “O blessed one, O bestower of honour behoves you to procreate in my wife sons endowed with virtue and wealth, so that my line will be perpetuated”. 1
1. This Purāņa has mixed up two different Balis-Bali or Mahābali, the rival of Indra, who donated three feet of land to Vámana, was not childless. Bāna, Uşha’s father, was his son. This Bali is another East Indian. King who being childless requested thus to Dirghatamas.
68. On being requested thus by him, the sage said to the king, “So be it”. The king thereupon sent his wife named Sudeshņā unto him (the sage).
69. On seeing him blind and old, the queen did not go unto the sage. She bedecked her servant-maid in ornaments and left her with him.
70-73. The righteous-souled sage of good self-control begot of that Shūdra woman two sons of great prowess. Kakşhīva and Cakşhus. They studied the Vedas duly and became masters and expounders of Vedas, great enlightened Siddhas and excellent ones with direct vision of Dharma. On seeing them, Kakshiva and Cakşhus, the king, Bali, the son of Virochana, asked the sage, “Are these my sons?” The sage said. “O excellent Asura, no, that is not the case. They are mine. Due to your deception, these god-like children are born of Shūdra womb.
74. Considering me blind and old, Sudeşhņā, your queen, sent the Shūdra servant-maid unto me and disrespected me”.
75. Bali, thereupon propitiated the excellent sage again. The lord rebuked his wife Sudeshna.
76-78. He bedecked her in ornaments and gave her unto the sage. The sage Dirghatamas spoke thus to the queen: “O splendid lady, if, without showing aversion, you lick from head to foot my naked body smeared well with curds mixed with salt, you will obtain those sons mentally desired by you”. The queen, thereupon, carried out all his instructions.
79. When she reached the anus, her aversion was so great that she avoided it. Thereupon that sage said to her: “O auspicious lady, since you avoided the anus, the eldest son you will give birth to will be without anus”.
80. Then the queen replied to the sage Dirghatamas, “O blessed one, it does not behove you to give me a son like that”.
81-82. The sage said: “O gentle lady, this is your own fault. It will not be otherwise. O queen of good rites, I shall bestow a son unto you. Even without anus, he will perform all bodily functions”. Touching her belly, the sage Dirghatamas continued -
83-84. “O lady of sweet smiles, since you have licked up the curds from my body, your womb is filled like the ocean on the Full Moon Day. Five splendid sons comparable to the sons of Devas will be born to you. They will be refulgent, valiant and righteous and performer of sacrifices.”
85. Then Anga, the eldest son of Sudeshnā, was born. The other sons born to her thereafter were Vanga, Kalinga, Pundra and Brahma (Suhma in Bd. P. v. 87).
86. These five were the sons born of Bali’s wife. They perpetuated his line. Thus, they were given as sons to Bali formerly by Dirghatamas.
87-89. For certain reasons, his (Bali’s) progeny had been prevented by Brahma, saying, “Let there not be any offspring of this noble-souled (king) by his own wives” * That was why he begot children of human wombs. Then the delighted bull, the son of Kamadhenu, spoke these words to Dirghatamas:
*apatyāmātyadāreşhu is a misprint for apatyāmātmadāreșhu CF, Bd. P. v. 89: apatyamasya dāreşhu sveşhu ma’ bhut mahātmanah!
89. “Since you have done this after pondering over Godharma, I am pleased with you. I shall release you (from the curse).
90. Hence, look, I shall remove your long period of darkness and gloom, as well as the curse of Bruhaspati along with the other sins that may be lingering, sticking to your body.
91. After sniffing at you, I shall remove your fear of death and old age.” As soon as he was sniffed at, the darkness was destroyed and he began to see.
92. He regained his eye-sight. He became a young man blessed with long life. Thus that Dirghatamas was transformed by the bull and he became Gautama.
93. Thereafter Kakshīvān went to Giripraja (Girivraja-Bd. P.) along with his father. He performed extensive penance for the sake of his father as conceived (originally).
94. After a long period, he became purified through his penance. After shaking off his defects, the lord (sage) attained Bráhmanahood along with his younger brother.
95. Then spoke his father: “O Lord, now I am (really) one blessed with a son. By having a famous and good son (like you), I have achieved my objective (and am happy and contented) in life.”
96. With his soul united in Yogic practice, he attained Brahman-hood and extinction of (worldly bondage). After obtaining Brāhmaṇa-hood Kakşhivān procreated a thousand sons.
97-99. Those dark-skinned Gautamas (descendants of Gautama) are remembered as the sons of Kakshīvān. Thus the association of Dirghatamas and Bali, the son of Virochana, has been narrated. So also the progeny of both. After the coronation of his five sinless sons, the contented Bali resorted to Yogic practice. The lord of Yogic soul bides his time roaming (on the earth) while remaining invisible to all living beings.
100. Dadhivahana, the son of the saintly king Anga, became king. Due to the blunder of Sudeshnā, this king was Anapāna (devoid of anus).
101. King Diviratha is remembered as the son of Anapāna. The scholarly son of Diviratha was king Dharmaratha.
102. It was this selfsame glorious Dharmaratha by whom Soma (Soma juice) was drunk in the course of a Yajña along with the noble-souled Shakra on the mountain Vişhņupada.
103. Listen, (the son of Dharmaratha was king Chitraratha. From Chitraratha was born king Dasharatha. He was famous as Lomapāda and his daughter was Shāntā. 1
1. Some words missing here in the text are supplied here.
The missing lines after v. 103 are given in A (p. 374). They are translated as follows:
104. That noble-minded heroic son of Daśharatha, Chaturanga, the promotor of his family, was born through the grace of Ruşhyaśhrunga.
105. It is reported that Pruthulāśhva was Chaturanga’s son. The son of Pruthulāśhva was (?) of Champă. The (capital) city of Champā was beautiful. It became the beautiful Mălini (real name of Champā).
106-107. The city of Champavati (alias) Champā was inhabited by people of four Varnas (castes). They lived in Champavati for sixty thousand years. By Brāhmaṇas, Kşhattriyas, Vaishyas, by all, their own duty (Dharma) was followed. All were devoted to Vişhnu by performing penance and following the duties of their (respectivc) caste.
Haryanga became his son by the grace of Pūrņabhadra.
-Vā.P. (Anandashram, Pune, p. 374)
104. The elephant of Shakra was born as his elephant Chandika. By means of Mantras (?) he brought the excellent vehicle to the earth.
105. Haryanga’s successor was the king Bhadraratha. Bhadraratha’s son was Bruhatkarmā, the lord of subjects.
106. Bruhadratha was his son and Bruhanmană was born of him. Bruhanmanā procreated the son Rājendra,
107. He was otherwise known as Jayadratha and from him was born king Drudharatha. The son of Drudharatha was Janamejaya, the conqueror of the universe.
108. His successor, the king of Angas, was Karna. Karna’s son was Shūrasena and Dvija is remembered as his son.
The Sages said:
109. How was Karņa known as the son of a charioteer and how did he become a member of the family of kings of Angas? This we wish to hear. Indeed, you are very efficient (in narration).
Sūta replied:
110. King Bruhanmanā was born as the son of Bruhadbhānu (earlier he was mentioned as Bruhadratha). He had two wives. Both of them were the daughters of Chaidya.
111. They were Yaśhodevi and Satya. The race is bifurcated on account of these two wives. Jayadratha otherwise known as Rajendra was born of Yaśhodevi.
112. (Defective verse) Satyä gave birth to the famous Vijaya who was of mixed Brāhmana-Kshatriya caste(?) Vijaya’s son was Dhruti and his son was Dhrutavrata.
113. Dhrutavrata’s son was Satyakarmā of great fame Satyakarma’s son was Adhiratha, the charioteer.
114. He adopted and looked after Karņa. Hence Karna was known as the son of a charioteer. Thus everything that had been asked about Karna has been mentioned to you.
115. Thus all the kings in the family of Anga have been recounted by me. Now listen to the progeny of Pūru in detail and in the proper order.
Suta said:
116. The mighty-armed son of Pūru, Janamejaya became a king. His son was Aviddha who conquered the eastern region.
117. From Aviddha was born as son the great hero Manasyu. King Jayada was the son of Manasyu.
118. His successor was the king named Dhundhu. Bahugavi was the son of Dhundhu. Sañjāti was his son.
119. Sañjāti’s son was Raudrāśhva. Understand his sons. Raudrāśhva begot ten sons of the celestial damsel Ghrutāchi.
120-123. They were Rajeyu, Kruteyu, Vakşheyu, Sthandileyu, Ghruteyu, Jaleyu, Sthaleyu the seventh, Dharmeyu, Sannateyu and the tenth son Vaneyu. He had ten daughters also, viz. Rudra, Shūdrā, Madrā, Shubhā, Jämalaja, Talā, Khala (these seven and then), the daughter who is remembered as Gopajală, then, Tämrarasa and Ratnakūtī. The husband of all of them was Prabhākara by name. He belonged to the Atreya line (Gotra).
Anādrushta was a saintly king. Riveyu was his son.
124. Riveyu’s wife named Jvalana was the daughter of Takşhaka. That saintly king begot of that gentle lady a son named Ranti.
125-126. Ranti, the king, begot splendid sons of his wife Sarasvati. They were Trasu, Pratiratha and Dhruva, who was exceedingly righteous. His daughter Gauri is famous as the Splendid mother of Mandhātā. Dhurya was Pratiratha’s son and his son was Kantha.
127. (Defective verse) His son was Medhătithi from whom the Brāhmaṇas Kāņthāyanas originated. Itinā (?) was the daughter of Anuyama (?). She gave birth to sons.
128-129. Trasu obtained his favourite son Malina who was an expounder of Brahman. Thereafter he obtained Upadātā and the (following) four sons of Itinā (?): Suşhmanta, Duşhyanta, Pravīra and Anagha. The son born to Duşhyanta was an excellent king and he became an emperor.
130. That son Bharata was born of Shakuntală. It is from him that (the land) took its name Bharata. A disembodied (celestial) voice spoke to king Duşhyanta.
131-132. Dushyanta, the mother is but a leather pouch (or bellows). The son belongs to the father. He is identical with him by whom he is begotten. Shakuntalā tells the truth. Maintain your son. O lord of men, he who discharges the semen virile redeems the son from the abode of Yama. You are the progenitor of this child in the womb. Do not dishonour Shakuntala”.
133. Bharata begot of his three wives nine sons. “These are not befitting me”. Saying this, the king did not approve of them. (He disowned them).
134. Then those infuriated mothers slew their sons. Thus the births of those sons to the king were futile.
135. Then the powerful son Bharadvaja, the son of Bruhaspati, was brought over there by the Maruts in the course of the sacrifices and handed over to him.
136. In this connection, they cite this story of the intelligent Bharadvája, his birth and the transfer unto Bharata by the Maruts.
137. When his wife was in the advanced state of pregnancy, it is said that Ashija died. Looking at his brother’s wife, Bruhaspati said: “O auspicious lady, embellish your body with ornaments and give me (the pleasure of) sexual intercourse with you.”
138. On being told thus, she said to him, “O holy lord, I am pregnant now. The foetus has reached the advanced state of maturity. The child repeats the Vedic Mantras.
139. You too are one whose semen virile never goes in vain. This activity (of sexual intercourse with you) is despicable”. On being told thus, Bruhaspati said smilingly:
140. “You need not at all instruct me in good behaviour. with great delight, he forcibly indulged in sexual intercourse with her.
141. “O father (uncle) Bruhaspati”, said the foetus to Bruhaspati who was in a state of exhilaration, “I am already embedded here, having come here before.
142. You are one whose semen virile never goes in vain. There is no space here for two children).” On being told thus by the child in the womb, the infuriated Bruhaspati said again:
143. “Since you prevent me at such a time as this, desired by all living beings, you will enter a long period of darkness”.
144. The (vaginal) passage of his mother was covered with his feet by the child. The semen virile of Bruhaspati, being obstructed in between them became an infant.
145. On seeing the son instantaneously born Mamatā said, “O Bruhaspati, I am going to my house. Bhara (Nurture), Dvāja (that which is born of two).”
146. When she went away after saying this, he (too) forsook the son instantaneously.” “Bharasva (Nurture). Bădham (very well)”. Since this was said, he came to be known as ‘Bharadvāja’.
147. On seeing the infant abandoned by both the mother and the father, the Maruts took away the child Bharadvaja out of mercy.
148-149. At that time Bharata had performed various Yajñas and other Kāmya and Naimittika (sacrifices) with the desire for obtaining a son. In spite of those Yajñas, the lord did not obtain any son. Thereafter he performed the Marut Soma Yajña for the sake of a son.
150. Being propitiated by that Marut-Soma sacrifice, the Maruts (gave) him Bharadvāja, the intelligent son of Bruhaspati.
151. On obtaining that son Bharadvaja, Bharata said: “O lord, with you as my son, I am satisfied, since all my previous children had been killed”.
152. The births of his (i.e. Bharata’s) previous sons had been in vain (vitatha). So Bharadvaja was known by the name Vitatha.
153. Hence the Divine child Bharadvāja turned into a Kshatriya from Brähmaņa-hood. He is remembered by the names Dvimukhyāyana (having two important abodes) and Dvipitruka (having two fathers).
15%. After the birth (succession) of Vitatha, Bharata went to heaven (passed away). Vitatha’s successor was Bhuvamanyu.
155. Four sons comparable to the Mahābhūtas (great elements) were born to Bhuvamanyu. They were Bruhatkşhatra, Mahāvīrya, Nara and the powerful Gāgra.
156. The son of Nara was Samkruti. His sons were very powerful. Guruvirya and Trideva are remembered as the sons of Samkruti. There were none greater than they.
157. The successors of Gågra were born of Shinibaddha. Therefore, the Gāgryas (descendants of Gágra) are remembered as Brāhmaṇas with the traits of Kshatriyas.
158. Bhīma was the son of Mahavirya. From him was born Ubhakşhaya. His wife Viśhālā gave birth to three sons.
159. She gave birth to Trayyāruņi, Puşhkarin and the third son Kapi. Kapi’s descendants were excellent Kshatriyas and those of the other two are said to be great sages.
160. The descendants of Gagra, Samkruti and Mahāvīrya were Brāhmaṇas endowed with Kshatriya traits too. They merged with the line of Angiras. Now the line of Bruhatkşhatra will he recounted.
101. Bruhatkşhatra’s successor was a pious one named Suhotra, Suhotra’s successor was one named Hastin. Formerly this city named Hastinapura was built by him.
162. Hastin’s successor were three, viz. Ajamīdha, Dvimidha and Purumidha. They were all extremely devout and pious. 1
1. The following additional verse numbered 167 in A, is translated as follows:
“The queens of Ajamidha were auspicious and perpetuators of the Kuru race. They were (by name) Nilini, Keshini and the beautiful Dhūmini’.
163-164. Ajamidha’s sons were splendid. They perpetuated the auspicious line. They were very pious. They were born to the great king in his old age after a great penance. thanks to the grace of Bharadvaja. Listen to their extension Kantha was born to Ajamidha and Keshini.
165. Medhatithi was his son and from him were born the Brahmanas called Kanthayanas. King Bruhadvasu was born to Ajamidha and (his second wife) Dhumini.
165. Bruhadvasu’s son was Bruhadvishnu who was very strong. His son was Bruhatkarma whose son was Bruhadratha.
167. His son was Vishvajit, whose son was Senajit. The four sons of Senajit were well known in the world.
168. They were Ruchirashva, Kavya, Rama of steady bow and Vatsa, the king of Avanti from whom the Parivatsara (era started).
169. Ruchirashva’s successor was Pruthushena of great fame. Para was the son of Pruthushena and Nipa was born of Para.
170. We have heard that a hundred sons were born to Nipa. They are called ‘Nipas’. All of them were kings.
171. The most glorious king among them who raised the fame of the race and stabilised the race was Samara with his capital in Kampilya. He was fond of war.
172. Samara had three sons endowed with all good qualities. They were Para, Para and Sattvadashva. Para’s son Vrushu shone well.
173. A son named Sukruti endowed with all good qualities was born to Vrushu, thanks to his meritorious activities. Vibhraja was his son.
174. Vibhraja’s successor was the king named Anuha who was very famous. He was the husband of Ruchi and so the son-in law of Shuka.
175. Anuha’s successor was Brahmadatta of great penance. Yogasunu was his son and his son Vishvaksena became a king.
176. Vibhraja’s sons became kings, thanks to their meritorious activities. Vishvaksena’s son was Udaksena.
177. His successor was Bhallata by whom the king was killed formerly. Bhallata’s successor was king Janamejaya. On his behalf, all the Nipas were destroyed by Ugrayudha.
The Sages asked:
178. Whose son was Ugrayudha? In which family was he born and glorified? What for were all the Nipas destroyed by him?
Suta said:
179-180. The scholarly Yavinara was the son and successor of Dvimidha. Dhrutiman was his son. His son was Satyadhruti. Satyadhruti’s son was the valorous Drudhanemi. The king named Suvarma was Drudhanemi’s son.
181. The valorous Sarvabhauma (lord of the entire earth) was Suvarma’s son. He shone as the sole lord of the earth and he became famous as Sarvabhauma.
182. In his great family was born (a king named) Mahatpauravanandana. King Rukmaratha is remembered as the son of Mahatpaurava.
183. Rukmaratha’s son was the king named Suparshva, Suparshva’s son named Sumati was very virtuous.
184. The son of Sumati was lord Sannatiman, the righteous-souled king. His son was named Sanati and Kruta was his son.
185. He was a disciple of the noble-souled Hiranyanabhi of the Kauthuma branch (of Samavedic study). Twentyfour Saman-Samhitas were expounded by him.
186. The sons of Kruta, the singers of Saman hymns, are remembered by the name ‘Prachyas’ (Easterners). The heroic Ugrayudha was one of the sons of Kruta. He was the scion of the family of Puru.
187. The mighty-armed lord of Panchalas named Nila, who was the grandfather of Prushata, was killed by him (Ugrayudha) (and thereby) he exhibited his valour.
188. Ugrayudha’s son (successor) was a very famous king named Kshema. Suvira was born of Kshema. Suvira’s son was Nrupanjaya. Viraratha was born of Nrupanjaya. Thus, these are remembered as Pauravas (descendants of Puru).
189. King Nila was born of Nilini (the third wife) of Ajamidha. Sushanti was born of Nila, thanks to his severe penance.
190. Purujanu was the son of Sushanti. Riksha was born of Purujanu. The following were the sons and successors of Riksha
191. They were: Mudgala, Srunjaya, the king Bruhadishu. Vikranta who was younger to him and Kampilya, the fifth.
192-193. For the sustenance and the upkeep of all the five, the father spoke to them thus: “Know that there are five flourishing territories for all the five of you.” Since the five were sufficient, all the territories were together well known as Panchalas. *Maudgalyas, the descendants of Mudgala, were Brahmanas endowed with Kshatriya traits.
*Pancha (five) + alam (sufficient)
194. These were known as Kanthamudgalas and they merged into the Angirasa Gotra. Mudgala’s eldest son was very famous. He was engrossed in the meditation of Brahman.
195. From him Indrasena conceived Badhyashva. We have heard that Menaka bore to Badhyashva twins.
196-197. They were Divodasa the saintly king and Ahalya of great fame. Ahalya bore Shatananda the excellent sage to Sharadvata. His son was Satyadhruti of great fame. He was a master of the science of archery.
198. On seeing an Apsaras (celestial damsel) in front, the semen virile of Satyadhruti was emitted in the bush of Shara-grass and twins were born.
199-200. Shantanu who had come that way ahunting took them out of mercy (Krupa). The boy is remembered as Krupa and the girl Krupi. She was also known as Gautami. Thus, the race of Gautama, known as Sharadvatas and Rutathyas, has been recounted.
Henceforth I shall recount the progeny of Divodasa.
201. Divodasa’s successor was king Mitrayu who was engrossed in meditation on Brahman. Maitreya was born of him. It is rememberd that these too got merged (in other families).
202. These too got merged into the family (of Bhrugu). They were (Brahmanas) endowed with Kshatriya traits. They were known as Bhargavas. King Chyavana was born (in that family). The scholarly Pratiratha was born of him.
203. The intelligent Sudasa was born of Chyavana. Sahadeva born as the son of Sudasa. Somaka was his son.
204-205. When the race was about to be extinct, Ajamidha born again. That was Somaka. Somaka’s son was Jantu. When he was killed, hundred other sons were born to the noble souled lord Ajamidha in his birth as Somaka. The youngest of them, Prushata was Drupada’s father.
206-209. His son was Dhrushtadyumna and Dhrushtaketu was his son. Dhumini, the queen of Ajamidha, was desirous of a son. In her rebirth she performed a very difficult penance for a hundred years. She performed Homas in the fire. She kept awake. She ate but little and that too only the holy food. She performed great holy rites. Day and night, she stayed on the Kusha mattress alone. By these rigorous activities, she became smoke coloured. The powerful Ajamidha begot of her Ruksha, a smoke coloured son, who was elder brother of Sita (one of white colour). Samvarana was born of Ruksha. Kuru was born of Samvarana.
210. After treading on (conquering) Prayaga, he built Kurukshetra. The excessive-splendoured king ploughed it for many years.
211. While it was being ploughed, Shakra shone there and granted this boon: Your (Kurukshetra) shall be beautiful, holy and resorted to by meritorious persons.
212-213. Persons born in his family were excellent kings famous as Kurus. Kuru’s beloved sons were Sudhanvan, Jahnu, Parikshita the great king, Putraka and Arimardana. It is remembered that the intelligent Suhotra was the successor of Sudhanvan.
214-215. Chyavana was his son. The king was an expert in religious affairs. Kruta was the son of Chyavana. He performed great penance and many Yajnas. The king procreated his famous son Vidyoparicara who claimed friendship of Indra. He was a great hero who could traverse the sky and was known as Vasu too.
216-217. Girika bore seven sons to Vidyoparicara-Bruhadratha, a great warrior, who became famous as the king of Magadha, Pratyagruha, Kusha, one whom they call Manivahana Mathailya, Lalittha and Matsyakala the seventh.
218. Bruhadratha’s successor was famous by the name of Kushagra. Kushagra’s son was a powerful king named Rushabha.
219. Rushabha’s successor was a virtuous king named Pushpavan. King Satyahita is remembered as his valorous successor.
220-221. His son was Sudhanvan. From him the valorous Urja was born. Urja’s son was Nabhasha and from him was born that powerful king Jarasandha. He was born in two pieces and he was joined by Jara. Jarasandha was mighty-armed because he was joined by Jara.
222. This Jarasandha of great strength was the conqueror of all Kshatriya kings. Jarasandha’s son was the valorous Sahadeva.
223. Sahadeva’s son was the glorious Somadhi of very great penance. Shrutashruva was the son of Somadhi and is glorified as Magadha.
Suta said:
224. Janamejaya was the successor of Parikshita. Shrutasena’s successor was named Bhimasena. (lines missing).
225. Jahnu begot a son named Suratha who became a king. Suratha’s successor was the heroic king Viduratha.
226. It is well known that Viduratha’s son too was Sarvabhauma. Jayatsena was born of Sarvabhauma and Aradhi was his son.
227. Mahasattva was born of Aradhi and Ayutayu came thereafter. Akrodhana was the son of Ayutayu. It is remembered that Devatithi was born of him.
228. It was Ruksha who became the successor of Devatithi. Bhimasena was born of Ruksha and Dilipa was his son.
229. Pratipa was the son of Dilipa. It is remembered that. three sons were born to him. Those three were Devapi, Shantanu and Bahlika.
230. King Saptabahlishvara should be known as (the son) of Bahlika. Somadatta too, of great fame, was the son of Bahlika.
231. Bhuri, Bhurishravas and Shala were born of Somadatta. With a desire to accumulate virtue Devapi (renounced everything and) went to the forest.
232. Sage Devapi became the preceptor of Devas. To this noble-souled sage, two sons Chyavana and Ishtaka were born.
233. Shantanu became king. He was a scholar and a great physician (Mahabhisha). About this Mahabhisha they cite this verse.
234. “Whomsoever does the king touch, be he very old due to the efflux of time, becomes a youth again. Therefore, they know him as Shantanu (Sam-happiness, Tanu-body).”
235. Therefore, the quality of his being Shamtanu was well known among the subjects. That righteous king Shamtanu married Jahnavi (Ganga).
236. The lord begot a son of her, named Devayrata (who later became) Bhisma. That Bhisma became famous as the grandfather of the Pandavas.
237-238. After some time Shamtanu begot his most favourite son Vichitravirya who as king did much for the welfare of the subjects. Krishnadvaipayana begot of Vichitravirya’s wife (kshetra), Dhrutarashtra, Pandu and Vidura. Gandhari bore to Dhrutarashtra a hundred sons.
239. Duryodhana was the eldest among them. He became the lord of all Kshatriyas. Madri and the queen Prutha became the wives of Pandu.
240-241. Sons bestowed by gods were born of them on behalf of Pandu. Yudhishthira was born, thanks to the grace of Dharma; Vrukodara was born of Vayu; Dhananjaya whose valour was equal to that of Shakra was born of Indra. Sahadeva and Nakula were born to Madri, thanks to the grace of Ashvins.
242. Five sons were born to Draupadi from the (five) Pandavas. Draupadi bore Shrutividdha, the eldest of them, to Yudhishthira.
243. Hidamba bore her son Ghatotkacha to Bhimasena. Kashya too bore her son Sarvavruka to Bhimasena.
244. Vijaya, the princess of Madra land, bore Suhotra to Sahadeva. Niramitra was born to Karemati of Vaidya (?) as the son of Nakula.
245. The heroic Abhimanyu was born of Subhadra as the son of Partha. Parikshit was born of Uttara, the princess of Virata, as the son of Abhimanyu.
246. King Janamejaya was the successor of Parikshit. He established Vajasaneyika Brahmanas.
247-248. The infuriated Vaishampayana (said to him). “O evil-minded one, your directions (rule) will not remain long here in this world without an enemy (without being protested against). As long as I am alive in this world, this act of yours) cannot be praised.” Thereupon, Janamejaya was faced with difficulties all round.
249. He worshipped lord Prajapati by offering Havis in the Paurnamasa Yajna. He saw that the different materials were offered in the sacrifice of the lord. Still he was in difficulties?
250. Janamejaya, the son of Parikshit, the descendant of Puru, then performed Ashvamedha twice. Thereafter, he made those Vajasaneyaka Brahmanas function. Janamejaya was crippled (defeated) three times.
251. Crippled at the hands of Ashvakomukhyas, crippled at the hands of the residents of Angas, and crippled at the hands of the people of Madhyadesha (Middle Lands), Janamejaya became Trikharvi (crippled three times). He was distressed. Being cursed along with those Brahmanas, he suffered ruin.
252. Shatanika of truthful exploit and strength was his son. After him (Janamejaya), the Brahmanas crowned his son Shatanika.
253-255. The powerful Ashvamedhadatta was the son of Shatanika. Adhisamakrishna was born as the son of Ashvamedhadatta. He conquered the cities of his enemies. He is the present ruler, of righteous soul and great fame. It is under his rule that you have been able to perform this Dirghasatra (sacrifice of long duration) for three years. It is very difficult to be performed. O excellent Brahmanas, (besides), there is another Satra lasting for two years, which is being performed in Kurukshetra on the banks of the river Drushadvati.
The Sages said:
256. O highly intelligent Suta, we wish to hear the future events of the subjects along with the kings. The past kings have been already mentioned by you.
257-259. We wish to hear all these-the activities that be undertaken by them, and their names, the kings who will born their time calculated in years, the extent of the Yugas, their good points and their defects, their happiness and misery and those of the subjects, their religious activities and their passionate pursuits as well as their monetary dealings. Enumerate all these to us who ask you.
On being requested thus, Suta the most excellent among the intelligent ones, mentioned everything in the manner it would occur and as he had seen and heard.
Suta said:
260-261. Even as I recount listen and understand the future events,1 the Kaliyuga and the Manvantaras in the manner they had been described to me by Vyasa of wonderful activities. Henceforth, I shall mention the kings who will be born in future.
1. Verses 260-310 describe the ‘future’ dynastics of kings. The dynasties mentioned here are (1) Bruhadratha, (2) Pradyota, (3) Shishunaka (Shishuniga), (4) Nanda, (5) Maurya, (6) Kanva and (7) Andhra. Guptas (if the reading be correct) are merely mentioned and Mleccha and other rulers are also referred to.
262-265. I shall mention the descendants of Aila, Ikshvaku, Sudyumna and other kings in whom this splendid territory of the Ikshvakus will be vested. I shall mention all other kings also besides these who will be born in future, viz. Kshatriyas, Parashavas, Shudras and Brahmanas, Andhas (Andhras), Shakas, Pulindas, Tulikas, Yavanas, Kaivartas, Abhiras, Shabaras, and all other Mleccha (outcaste) tribes.
I shall mention those kings by names and the duration in years of their rule.
266. This present king Adhisamakrishna is a king belonging to the Puru dynasty. I shall mention all the future kings in his family.
267. Nirvaktra will be the son of Adhisamakrishna. When his city Hastinapura is swept away by Ganga he will abandon it and live happily at Kausambi.
268. His son will be Ushna. Chitraratha will be born Ushna. Shuchidratha will be born of Chitraratha, and Vrutiman be born of Shuchidratha.
269. Sushena of great fame and prowess will be born thereafter. To Sushena will be born the king named Sutirtha.
270. Rucha will be born of Sutirtha. Then Tricaksha will be born. Tricaksha’s successor will be Sukhibala.
271. Sukhibala’s son will be the king Paripluta. King Sunaya will be born as the son of Paripluta.
272. King Medhavi will be the son of Sunaya and Medhavin’s son will be Dandapani.
273. Dandapani’s son will be Niramitra and Kshemaka will be the son of Niramitra. These twentyfive kings (?) will be born in the race of Puru.
274-275. In this connection the following verse describing the subsequent race has been cited by Brahmanas who know ancient lore. “This race which has produced Brahmanas and Kshatriyas, and which is honoured by Devas and sages, will be extinct in the Kali age after coming to Kshemaka”. Thus, the race of Puru has been enumerated precisely.
276. (The race) of the intelligent son of Pandu, the noble souled Arjuna (has been narrated).
Henceforth I shall mention the race of the Ikshvakus of great souls.
277-278. Bruhadratha’s successor was the heroic king Bihatkshaya. His son was Kshaya. Vatsavyuha was the son of Kshaya. After Vatsavyuha, Prativyuha became king. His son is Divakara and this king is ruling over the city of Ayodhya now.
279. Divakara’s son will be the renowned Sahadeva. Bruhadashva will become the successor of Sahadeva.
280. Bhanuratha will be his son. His son will be Pratitashva. Supratita will become the son of Pratitashva.
281-282. Sahadeva will be his son and his son will be Sunakshatra. Kinnara, the oppressor of his enemies, will become the son of Sunakshatra. Antariksha, the son of Kinnara, will be a great (king).
283-284. Suparna will be born of Antariksha and Amitrajit will be born of Suparna. His son will be Bharadvaja. Dharmin will be his son. A son named Krutanjaya will be born to Dharmin. Vrata will be the son of Krutanjaya and his son will be Rananjaya. To Rananjaya will be born the heroic king Sanjaya. Shakya will be born as the son of Sanjaya. From Shakya will be born Shuddhodana.
285. In the family of Shakya, Rahula will be born to Shuddhodana (?) Then Prasenajit will be born. KShudraka will be born then.
286. Kshulika will be the son of Kshudraka. From Kshulika will be born Suratha. Sumitra, the son of Suratha, will be the last king.
287. All these mentioned are the future Ikshvaku kings in the Kali age. They will be born in the race of Bruhadbala in the Kali age. All of them will be heroic, learned and truthful. They will be the conquerors of the sense-organs.
288. In this connection the following verse describing the subsequent race is cited by those who know the future. “This race of the Ikshvakus will end with Sumitra. After coming to the king Sumitra, it will become extinct in the Kali age.” Thus, the Kshetra (domain?) originating from Manu and descending from Aila has been described.
289. Henceforth I shall mention the kings of Magadha, the descendants of Bruhadratha, i.e. the kings of the race of Jarasandha and the family of Sahadeva.
290. I shall mention the past, present and future kings in accordance with their importance. Even as I recount, listen and understand.
291. In the Mahabharata war Sahadeva fell. His son Somadhi, the saintly king, ruled over Girivraja.
292. He ruled over the kingdom for fifty-eight years. His son Shrutashravas ruled for sixty-four years. Ayutayu ruled for twenty-six years. Niramitra enjoyed the earth for a hundred years and passed over to heaven.
293. Sukrutta ruled over the earth for fifty-six years. Bruhatkarman ruled the kingdom for twenty-three years.
294. Senajit enjoys the kingdom (now). (His son) Shrutanjaya will be king for forty years,
295. Mahabala, the mighty-armed and endowed with intellect and exploit, will become king and rule over the earth for thirty-five years.
296. Shuchi will remain in the kingdom for fifty-eight years Kshema will be the king for full twenty-eight years.
297. Bhuvata the powerful will maintain the kingdom for sixtyfour years. Then Dharmanetra will be the king for fun five years.
298. Nrupati (?) will then enjoy the kingdom for fifty-eight years. Suvrata’s rule will be for thirty-eight years.
299. Drudhasena will be the king for forty, ten and eight (i.e. fifty-eight) years. Then Sumati will be in possession of the kingdom for thirty-three years.
300. Suchala will enjoy the kingdom for twenty-two years. Thereafter, Sunetra will enjoy the kingdom for forty years.
301. Satyajit will enjoy the earth for eighty-three years. After attaining the kingdom Virajit will enjoy it for thirty-five years.
302. Arinjaya will be in possession of the earth for fifty years. These thirty-two kings will be the future rulers in the line of Bruhadratha.
303-304. Altogether they will rule for full thousand years. When the descendants of Bruhadratha cease to rule and when the Vitahotras occupy the throne, even as all the Kshatriyas stand gazing Pradyota* Munika will kill his master and crown his own son as the king.
*As per Bd. P. v. 123, Pradyota is the prince enthroned and Munika was his father.
305. That king of the future will be devoid of statesmanship or just policies. All the vassals will bow down before him. That excellent man will be king for twenty-three years.
306. Thereafter the king named Palaka will rule for twenty-four years. Then king Vishakhayupa will rule for fifty years.
307. The rule of Ajaka will be for thirty-one years. His son Vartivardhana will rule for twenty years.
308. Thus, the five future sons (and successors) of Pradyota will rule for one hundred and thirty-eight years. Destroying their fame entirely, Shishunaka (Shishunaga) will become king (at Varanasi). *
*Varanasyam the 1st word from the next verse (no. 309) be better connected with Shishunaga’s becoming a king at Varanasi to avoid confusion in v. 309.
309-310. His son will attain Girivraja in Varanasi. The suzerainty of Shishunaka (Shishunaga) will be for forty years. His son Shakavarna will rule for thirtysix years. Then for twenty years Kshemavamna will be the king.
311. Ajatashatru will be the king for twentyfive years. Thereafter Kshatraujas will rule the kingdom for forty years.
312. King Bimbisara will rule for twenty-eight years. King Darskaka will rule for twenty-five years.
313. The next king will be Udayi who will rule for thirty-three years. In the fourth year of his rule, he will build his capital city named Kusumapura (Mod. Patna) on the southern bank of Ganga.
314. The king Nandivardhana will live for forty-two years. The king Mahanandin will be the king for forty-three years.
315. Thus, the kings of the Shishunaka (Shishunaga) dynasty will be ton in number. They altogether will rule for three hundred and sixty-two years.
316. All the members of the Shaishunaka (Shaishunaga) family will be the contemporaries of the following kings who will be kinsmen to Kshatriyas.
317-319. Those are twenty-four Ikshvaku kings, twenty-five Panchalas, twenty-four Kalakas, twenty-four Haihayas, thirty-two Kalingas, twenty-five Shakas, twenty-six Kurus, twenty-eight Maithilas, twentythree Shurasenas and twenty Vicihotras. All these kings will rule simultaneously.
320. Mahapadma will be born of a Shudra wife of Malanandin. He will be a king over all Kshatriyas.
321. Thereafter, all the future kings will be born of Shudra wombs. Mahapadma will be the sole ruler with a single royal umbrella.
322. He will rule over the earth for twenty-eight years. Due to the power of the inevitable future, he will uproot all Kshatriyas.
323. His sons will be thousands. For eight years twelve of them will rule as kings. In succession to Mahapadma they will become kings in order.
324. Kautilya will exterminate all of them by means of the twice eight of them (sixteen). After enjoying the kingdom of the earth1 for a hundred years, the moon in the form of Nanda will set and fall down.
1. Instead of bhuktva mahim hereof, Pargiter’s suggestion (Dynasties of the Kali Age, p. 26) ‘bhukta mahi’ ‘the earth that was enjoyed (for 100 years)’ is a better reading.
325. Kautilya will install Chandragupta as king. King Chandragupta will be ruling for twenty-four years.
326. Bhadrasara (?), the next king, will be king for twenty-five years. King Ashoka will rule over the men for twenty-six years.
327. His son Kunala will rule for eight years. Kunala’s son Bandhupalita will enjoy the kingdom for eight years.
328. Bandhupalita’s successor Indrapalita will rule for ten years (?) King Devavarma will be king for seven years.
329. King Shatadhara, his son, will rule for eight years, King Bihadashva will be the ruler for seven years.
330. These are the nine kings who will enjoy the earth. The earth will be in their possession for full one hundred and thirty-seven years.2
2. Reading tebhyah shungan gamishyati ‘from them the earth will go to Shungas’.
331. The general Pushpamitra will drive out Bruhadratha and will rule over the kingdom continuously for sixty years.
332. The sons of Pushpamitra will be kings for eight years. The eldest of all of them will be the king for seven years.
333. Thereafter Vasumitra, his son, will be king for ten years. Then Dhruka (?), his son, will rule for two years.
334. After him the Pulindakas will rule for three years. King Ghoshasuta too will rule for three years.
335. Thereafter* Vikramamitra will be king for many years. King Bhagavata will rule for thirty-two years.
*Bd. P. v. 154 reads sapta for tato hereof. But Bd. P. reading fixed the period of the king’s reign.
336. His son Kshemabhumi will rule for ten years. Ten Tunga (? Shunga) kings will enjoy the earth.
337. (Defective verse) They will enjoy the earth for full hundred and twelve years and it perhaps will go to Sudeva who will not be a (born) king but an indulgent fellow ever since his childhood. He will then become a king.
338. There will be another king Devabhumi among the Shrungas (? Shrungas). He will be a Kanthayana (Kanvayana ‘Belonging to Kanva gotra’) and will rule for nine years.
339. Bhutimitra, his son, will be king for twentyfour years. After him king Narayana will rule for twelve years.
340. His son Susharma will rule for ten years. These four kings of lofty activities will be Kanthayana (Kanvayana) Brahmanas.
341. They will make the vassals bow down to them. They will rule for fortyfive years. After the change of their rule, Andhras will come in.
342. Driving out Kanthiyanas (Kanvayanas), over powering Susharman and making the remaining forces of the Shrugas (? Shrungas) dwindle down, Sindhuka of the Andhra race will gain possession of the earth.
343. King Sindhuka will rule for twenty-three years. After him Bhata (Krishna) will rule for ten and eight years (?)
344. His son, Shrisatakarni will be very great. Satakarni will rule for fifty and six years.
345. Apadabaddha, his son, will rule (first) for ten years, (then) for twenty-four years and (then) for six years.
346. Nemikrishna will rule for twenty-five years. Then for full one-year Hala will be the king.
347. Five (or) seven kings (of this race) will be very powerful. Putrikashena will rule for twenty-five years.
348. Satakarni will be king for one year. Shivashvami will rule for twenty-eight years.
349. King Gautamiputra will rule for twenty-one years among men. Thereafter Yajnashri of the Satakarni family will be the king for nineteen years.
350. After him, king Vijaya will rule for only six years Dandashri Satakarni, his son, will for three years.
351. Pulova (Pulumayi) will rule for seven years. There will be other kings as well. Altogether there will be thirty Andhra kings who will enjoy the earth.
352. The rule of the Andhras will cover a period of four hundred, five and six (four hundred and eleven) years. There will be five families of the Andhras and all of them will be (are) equal (in power).
353-355. There will be ten and seven Abhira kings, seven Gardabhins (Gardabhillas), ten Shakas, eight Yavanas, fourteen Maunas, as kings. Andhras will enjoy the earth for two hundred and one hundred years. Shakas will enjoy the earth for three hundred and eighty years.
356. Yavanas will enjoy the earth for eighty years. It is remembered (prophesied) that Tusharas will be in possession of the earth for five hundred years.
357. Thirteen Marunda families will rule for four hundred and fifty years along with (other) Shudras. There will be other Mleccha tribes as well.
358. Eleven of those Mlecchas will enjoy (the earth) for three hundred years. Then the Shudra tribes (Kilakila) Kolikilas (?) will rule for an equal period (?)
359. Vindhyashakti will take over the administration from Kolikilas. Having supervised over the administration for ninety-six years, he will pass away.
360. Listen to and understand the future Shudra clans called Dishakas (9) Svarapuranjaya will be the son of Shesha, the king of serpents (Vaidishaka-residents of Vidisha?).
361-362. That king, born of the race of serpents, will be a king who will enjoy. The following kings: Sadachandra who will be a part of the moon, Nakhavan the second, Dhanadharma the next one, Vimsaja the fourth and Bhutinanda thereafter, will be kings in the foreign land (or at Vidisha?)
363. At the close of the rule of Nandana of the Aigas, Madhunandi will become the king. His younger brother will be Nandiyashas by name.
364-355. There will be three kings in his family: Dohitra, Shishuka and Pravira. Shishuka will rule over Purika. The powerful Pravira will be the son of Vindhyashakti, He will rule over the city Kanchanaka (along with the others) for sixty years.
366. They will perform Vajapeya Yajnas with the offerings of excellent Dakshinas. His four sons will become great rulers of men.
367. When the family of Vindhyakas becomes extinct, three kings of Bahlikas, will enjoy the kingdom for thirty years. Supratika and Nabhira (will be the prominent kings).
368. The king named Shakyama will be the ruler of Mahishis. Pushpamitras and Pattamitras will rule for thirteen years.
369. Seven excellent kings will rule over Mekala (Amarkantaka). The kings in Komala (Comilla, Bengal) will be very strong and powerful.
370. Nine kings of great intellect and well known as Meghas will become the kings of the Nishadha (Marwar, Dc 140) land. They will rule till the end of the Manvantara.
371. Those strong and powerful kings will be born in the race of Nala. Vishvasphani, the powerful, will become the ruler of Magadhas.
372. After exterminating all the other kings he will make Kaivartas, Panchakas, Pulindas and Brahmanas as well as the other castes (rule over the kingdom).
373. He will establish kings in different lands, thanks to his excessive splendour. Vishvasphani will be very powerful and strong in war like Vishnu.
374. It is said that in external appearance, Vishvasphani will be like a eunuch. He will destroy the existing Kshatriyas and make other Kshatriya clans.
375. After propitiating Devas, Pitris and Brahmanas many times that strong king will reach the banks of Jahnavi (Ganga) and cast off his body.
376. After forsaking his body, he will go to Shakra’s region Thereafter, the nine Naka (Naga) kings will enjoy the city of Champavati.
377. The seven Nagas will enjoy the beautiful city of Mathura.
Kings born of the family of Guptas1 will enjoy all the territories near Griga such as Prayaga, Saketa and Magadha.
1. Bd. P. v. 195 reads Sapta for Gupta hereof.
378. The descendants of Manidhanya will enjoy the terristories of Nishadha, Yaduka, Shaishita and Kalatopaka.
379. Devarakshitas (?) will enjoy the territories of Koshalas, Andhras, Paundras and Tamraliptas along with the oceans as well as the beautiful city of Champa.
380. Guha will protect Kalingas, Mahishas, Mahendra nilaya and other territories.
381. (The king) named Kanaka will enjoy Strirashtra (the women’s territory, Kamarupa) and Bhakshyakas. All these kings will be contemporaries.
382. Thereafter,2 the untruthful and unrighteous Yavanas of great fury and of little grace will rule here spreading their religion, spending vast riches and giving vent to their lust.
2. Verses 382-405 depict a gruesome picture of the advanced Kali Yuga. The description (including identical verses) are found in other Puranas as well. R.C. Hazra in PRHRC states that such was the actual condition of the people from 200 B.C. to 200 A.D.-the period in which these Puranas came to be composed.
383. Those kings will not be duly crowned. They will have all the defects of the (Kali) Age. They will commit evil actions.
384. During the remaining period of the Kali Age, the kings will enjoy the Earth, not even hesitating to kill women and children and to destroy one another.
385. The races of those kings will gain continuous ascendancy (at some time or in some places) or flourish and perish in succession in due course.
386. They will be devoid of piety, true love and real wealth. All the common people coming into close contact with them, too will follow the customs and habits of Mleccha (aliens and outcastes).
387. They will be acting contrary to accepted traditions. They will destroy their subjects. The kings will be greedy and devoted to mendacious behaviour.
388-389. When their turn is over, women will outnumber men in that Age. People will become more and more deficient in learning and strength. Their span of life will grow less and less. When their decline reaches the limit, the ruling kings overwhelmed by Kala will be ruined.
390. Struck down by Kalki, all the Mlecchas will be destroyed. All the heretics and the unrighteous will be doomed.
391-393. The very name king will disappear when the Kali Age comes to the period of junction. Only very few people will survive and they will be helpless and destitute without any belonging, as Dharma would have been destroyed by that time. There will be none to console them. They will have nowhere-withals. They will be afflicted by diseases and sorrows. They will be overwhelmed and ruined by drought and mutual slaughter. They will have none to support them. Being distressed (and due to fear) they will forsake their avocations and professions. Deserting their own villages and towns they will resort to forest.
394-395. When the kings are destroyed, the subjects will leave off their homesteads. Al the feelings of friendliness and affection will be lost. In acute distress, even the closest of friends will become bereft of affection. The discipline of castes and stages of life will become disturbed. Terrible mixture and mingling of the castes will result. People will take shelter on mountains and riverbanks.
396-397. They will resort to rivers, marshy foreshores of the seas and mountains. They will gather together in the territories of Angas, Vangas, Kalingas, Kashmiras, Kashi, Koshalas, the mountain ravines of Rushika and other places. Men will seek shelter on the ridges of Himavan and the coasts of the briny sea.
398. The Aryas will flock to the forests with the Mleccha tribes. Men will sustain themselves with the meat of deer, fishes, birds and beasts of prey as well as with sugar-cane plants, honey, greens, fruit and roots.
399. Like the sages (of yore) they will wear different kinds of leaves and barks of trees as well as hides of deer which he themselves will make.
400. Desirous of growing foodstuffs (grains) through seeds, they will dig the earth deep with wooden pikes. The will strenuously rear goats and sheep, donkeys and camels.
401. The men then will resort to the banks of rivers for the sake of water. By means of their activities they will harass one another as well as the rulers of the land.
402. They will consider it honourable to be issueless. They will not observe rules of cleanliness and good behaviour. Then the men will be engrossed in evil actions and behave in this manner.
403. The subjects will follow the worst of religious observances. No one will live beyond their twenty-third year.
404-405. They will be weak. They will be debilitated and fatigued due to sensuality. They will be overcome by (premature) old age. Their diet will consist of leaves, roots and fruits. Bark garments and deer skins will constitute their clothings. In search of livelihood they will be roaming over the earth. Towards the end of Kaliyuga, the people will come to such a plight.
406. When the Kali Age, the duration of which is a thousand divine years, comes to a close, the subjects will be annihilated along with the Kaliyuga. When it expires along with the period of junction, the Kruta Age will come in.
407. When the moon, the sun, Tishya and Jupiter come together in a single sign of zodiac, the Kruta Age will set in.
408. Thus, the past, present and the future races have been enumerated in due order.
409-412. From the time of the coronation of Mahadeva* (Mahapadma?) to the birth of Parikshit the duration was a thousand and fifty years. The period between Mahapadma and the future kings ending with Andhras whom I have narrated, has been calculated as eight hundred and thirtysix years by the learned sages, the knowers of Puranas.
*Mahananda in Bd. P. v. 227.
(Defective verse) The Seven Sages then said that a hundred years elapsed when Pratipa was king (?) You should calculate twentyseven hundreds again(?)
413. The stellar mansions are altogether twentyseven. The Seven Sages stay in each of these, for hundred years in succession. This is remembered as the Yuga of the Seven Sages. The years are calculated according to those of the Devas.
414. (Defective verse) The hundred years of the Seven Sages are equal to sixty divine years and seven (divine) days.
415. (?) The Seven Sages are seen in the east at first and then in the north of the zone of the constellations. Thereafter they are seen parallel to those constellations seen in the middle of the firmament.
416. It should be known that the Seven Sages are united with it (the zone of the constellations) in the sky for a hundred years. This is the evidence of the union of the Sages and the constellations.
417. In my opinion the Seven Sages were stationed in the Magha (tenth) constellation at the time of Parikshit. At the time of Andhras they will be in the twentyfourth constellation (i.e. Shatabhishak). *
*The corresponding Bd. P. v. 230a reads:
saptarshayas tada praptah pitrye Parikshite Shatam |
If the reading is accepted, the verse means: During the period of Parikshit the Saptarushis were in the Pitrya (Magha) constellation for a hundred years. Hence the period of the dynasty of Andhras will be two thousand and seven hundred years? The words in our text need correction.
418. At that time the subjects will be afflicted very much. They will be doomed through their mendacious nature in the affairs of virtue, wealth and love.
419. When the Vedic and Smarta (pertaining to the Smrutis) rituals (Dharma) become lax and the rigorous discipline of the castes and the stages of life becomes very loose, the deluded subjects will be weak in their soul-power and undergo a mixing and mingling of the castes.
420. Shudras will become merged with the twice-born castes. Brahmanas will begin to officiate as priests in the Yajnas of the Shudras. Shudras will begin to compose Mantras.
421-423. Desirous of securing means of livelihood, Brahmanas will approach them reverentially. Declining gradually and bit by bit, all the subjects will be destroyed and when the Yuga expires, they will be completely destroyed.
Kali Yuga had started on the very day when Krishna passed away. Understand the duration of Kali Age. Kali yuga is said to be of the three hundred and sixty thousand years according to human calculation.
424. According to divine calculation it is one thousand years. The Sandhyamsha (the period of junction) is also mentioned. (That period is extra.) When it has expired completely Kota Age comes in.
425. The races of Aila and Ikshvaku are said to become extinct with Sumitra.
426-427. Those who know about the Lunar race know that the Kshatriya race of Aila will become extinct with Kshemaka. The sons and descendants of the Sun of the past, present and future have been glorified. They were and will be the heighteners of their fame. In that race there were Brahmanas, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and Shudras.
428-429. Many noble-souled kings are born and have passed away in every Yuga. Their names are legion. When the members of every family are calculated, many names are repeated. Hence, they have not been mentioned by me. The race of Nimi comes to an end in the Vaivasvata Manvantara itself.
430. I will recount how the Kshatriya race originates in this Yuga. Even as I recount listen and understand.
431-432. Devapi will be born in the Kalapa village. He will be a king of Puru’s family and considered (greater) than Ikshvaku. He will be endowed with great Yogic power. * Suvarcas, the son of Soma, will be born in the family of Ikshvaku. the twentyfourth cycle of four Yugas, they will be the founders of the Kshatriya race and traditions.
*The corresponding verse of Bd. P. (v. 250) states: Devapi belonging to the family of Puru and Maru who belongs to Ikshvaku family-these two are endowed with great Yogic Power. They stayed in the village called Kalapa.”
433. In the twentieth Yuga? cycle of four Yugas?) there will not be any founder of the Lunar race. Deva valled, will be the first king in the family of Aila.
434. In the four Yugas these two will be the founders of Kshatriya race. Everywhere this should be known Characteristic feature, for the sake of progeny (the perpetuation of the line).
435-436. When Kali Yuga declines and Kruta Yuga sets in and again in the first Tretayuga they will be the activisors of the Kshatriya lines along with the Seven Sages. In the Dvapara period, Kshatriyas do not stay along with the sages.
437-438. When Krutayuga and Tretayuga decline, the Seven Sages and the kings will take birth for the sake of seed of the Brahmana and Kshatriya races. For the sake of progeny, they (the Seven Sages) abide by the kings in all the Manvantaras in every Yuga.
439. The annihilation of Kshatriyas leads to their contact with Brahmanas again (?) In all the seven Manvantaras all the progeny have been heard of (?)
440-442. In view of their long life the Seven Sages know the series of Yugas, the origin, activities and the decline of those active persons belonging to Brahmana and Kshatriya races. The birth of the Brahmanas in the families of Aila and Ikshvaku is in this manner (?) Born in the Treta Age and extinct in the Kali Age, they will follow the Age till the end of the Manvantara.
443. When all the Kshatriyas were eliminated by Rama, the son of Jamadagni, the Kshatriyas of the two families were born again. I shall recount them. Listen and understand.
444. The families of Aila and Ikshvaku spread once again. A series of other kings of the Kshatriya race became rulers.
445. A hundred families undergoing coronation became famous among each of the races of Aila and Ikshvaku.
446. The extent of Bhojas is up to twice of that (i.e. two hundred). Thus, there were three hundred Kshatriya families. They were divided into four according to the four quarters.
447-449. Listen and understand even as I recount the past and the present kings among them. Prativindhyas were hundred; Nagas were a hundred; Hayas were a hundred. Dhrutarashtras were a hundred and one; Janamejayas were eighty; Brahmadattas were a hundred; Shirins and Virins were a hundred (each); then Pulomans were a hundred: Shvetas, Kashas, Kushas etc. were a hundred; the other Shashabindus who passed away were a thousand.
450. All of them performed horse-sacrifices with lakhs and lakhs in Dakshina. Thus, hundreds and thousands of saintly, kings have passed away.
451-452. Know that the descendants in this world of the present Vaivasvata Manu cannot be mentioned in detail and in full even in hundreds of years.
453. In the Vaivasvata Manvantara already twentyeight cycles of four Yugas have passed along with their saintly kings. Listen and understand those who yet remain.
454-458. Forty excellent kings will be born in the future. Then the Vaivasvata Manvantara will come to a close. Incidentally I have mentioned everything in detail and in brief. Many are repeated. As they are too many they could not be mentioned in full. The twentyfive families of Yayati’s sons were highly beneficent to the people. They have been glorified. They even now sustain the worlds.
He who listens to and remembers these attains rare things of the world. They attain longevity, fame, wealth, sons, heaven and infiniteness. O Brahmanas, thus the third section has been recounted by me. What more shall I say?